In ecological terms, what does ‘disturbance’ refer to?

In ecological terms, ‘disturbance’ refers to an event that disrupts the ecosystem's structure, which can include changes to the physical environment, population dynamics, or community interactions. This definition is pivotal because disturbances can lead to changes that affect species composition and ecosystem functions. Examples of such disturbances include natural events like wildfires, floods, hurricanes, or human activities such as deforestation and pollution. These events can create opportunities for new species to colonize an area, thus influencing the biodiversity and resilience of the ecosystem over time.

Understanding disturbances within an ecosystem is crucial, as they play a role in shaping ecological processes and facilitating regeneration and succession, which are essential for ecosystem health.