In terms of abiotic factors, which of the following is not included?

Abiotic factors are non-living components of an ecosystem that affect the living organisms within it. These factors include physical and chemical elements like sunlight, soil, and water, which play crucial roles in shaping the environment and the organisms that inhabit it. Sunlight is essential for photosynthesis, water is vital for hydration and biochemical processes, and soil provides nutrients and a substrate for plants to grow.

Plants, however, are living organisms and fall under the category of biotic factors. They contribute to the ecosystem by producing oxygen and serving as food for herbivores, but they themselves do not qualify as abiotic factors. Hence, this distinction is what makes plants the correct answer when identifying which option is not considered an abiotic factor.