Triglycerides are formed by which type of reaction?

Triglycerides are formed through a condensation reaction, also known as a dehydration synthesis reaction. This process involves the bonding of glycerol and three fatty acids. During the formation of a triglyceride, each fatty acid reacts with the hydroxyl group (-OH) of the glycerol molecule, releasing a molecule of water (H2O) for each bond formed. This removal of water is what characterizes the condensation reaction, as it combines smaller molecules into a larger one, while simultaneously producing water as a byproduct.

The significance of triglycerides in biology lies in their role as energy storage molecules. They are the primary form of stored energy in animals and serve not only as a source of energy but also as insulation and protection for vital organs. Understanding how these molecules are formed helps clarify their structural properties and functions in living organisms.