What do abiotic factors in an ecosystem include?

Abiotic factors in an ecosystem refer to the non-living components that affect living organisms and the functioning of ecosystems. These include elements such as temperature, light, water, soil, and air, among others. These factors play a crucial role in shaping the environment, influencing the types of organisms that can thrive in that ecosystem, their behavior, and their interactions.

For example, temperature can determine the metabolic rates of organisms, while soil type can influence plant growth and the types of vegetation present. Thus, the inclusion of non-living components like temperature and soil encapsulates the essence of abiotic factors accurately, making it the correct choice. Understanding these factors is vital for grasping how ecosystems function and how organisms adapt to their environments.