What does the term carrying capacity refer to?

Carrying capacity refers to the maximum number of individuals of a particular species that an environment can sustainably support over time without causing long-term damage to the ecosystem. This concept is important in ecology because it helps to understand population dynamics and the limits of resource availability, such as food, water, and habitat space. When a population exceeds its carrying capacity, it can lead to resource depletion, environmental degradation, and ultimately a decline in population due to increased competition, starvation, or disease. Therefore, understanding carrying capacity is crucial for conservation efforts and managing wildlife populations sustainably.