What is the main purpose of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?

The main purpose of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is to amplify specific segments of DNA. This powerful technique allows for the generation of millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence from just a small initial amount of genetic material. This amplification is crucial in various fields, including medical diagnostics, forensic science, and genetic research, enabling researchers to have sufficient quantities of DNA for analysis.

PCR involves repeated cycles of denaturation, annealing, and extension, which efficiently replicate the target DNA segments. This process is vital for experiments that require a high concentration of a specific DNA sequence for further analysis, such as cloning, gene analysis, and mutation detection. The ability of PCR to precisely duplicate selected DNA regions underscores its significance in modern biological and medical research.