What is the primary difference between mitosis and meiosis?

The primary difference between mitosis and meiosis lies in the outcomes of each process in terms of genetic composition and cell number. Mitosis results in two genetically identical daughter cells, which are clones of the original cell. This process is crucial for growth, maintenance, and repair in multicellular organisms.

On the other hand, meiosis is specifically designed for sexual reproduction and produces four genetically diverse gametes (sperm or eggs). This diversity is achieved through processes such as crossing over and independent assortment, which introduce variation in the genetic material.

This distinction emphasizes the role of meiosis in creating genetic diversity in offspring, while mitosis is focused on producing identical cells for non-reproductive purposes.